Fascinating and astonishing facts of life & nature
ASTONISHING FACTS
Longest english word
Praetertranssubstantiationalistically --> has 37 letters.
Book without letter 'e'
Gadfy, written by Earnest Wright in 1939 is a 50,000+ word book, which doesn't contain a single word with ' e' in it
Word without vowel
Rhythm
Organ of body which has no sensation when cut
Brain
Only animal & reptile which sheds tear while eating
Crocodile
No of Alphabets, which SOUND AS WORDS:
B Bee
C Sea
G Zee
I Eye
Q Queue
R Are
S Yes
T Tea
U You
Y Why
_____
WHAT ARE THEY ?
Q) If we say 'MUMMY', they come together & go apart when we say 'DADDY'?
(A) LIPS
(Q) What goes up & never comes down?
(A) AGE
(Q) Patches over patches but no stitches?
(A) CABBAGE
(Q) What is that we cannot see, but is always before you?
(A) FUTURE
(Q) What goes up & down a hill, but never moves?
(A) ROAD
(Q) You can never wet it?
(A) SHADOW
(Q) What belongs to to You, but used by your friends more often you do?
(A) YOUR NAME
_____
FASCINATING ANIMALS, BIRDS, TREES
SNAILS have 14175 teeth laid along 135 rows on their tounge.
A BUTTERFLY has 12,000 eyes.
DOLPHINS sleep with 1 eye open.
A BLUE WHALE can eat as much as 3 tonnes of food everyday, but at the same time can live without food for 6 months.
The EARTH has over 12,00,000 species of animals, 3,00,000 species of plants & 1,00,000 other species.
The fierce DINOSAUR was TRYNOSAURS which has sixty long & sharp teeth, used to attack & eat other dinosaurs.
DIMETRODON was a mammal like REPTILE with a snail on its back. This acted as a radiator to cool the body of the animal.
CASSOWARY is one of the dangerous BIRD, that can kill a man or animal by tearing off with its dagger like claw.
The SWAN has over 25,000 feathers in its body.
OSTRICH eats pebbles to help digestion by grinding up the ingested food.
POLAR BEAR can look clumsy & slow but during chase on ice, can reach 25 miles / hr of speed.
KIWIS are the only birds, which hunt by sense of smell.
ELEPHANT teeth can weigh as much as 9 pounds.
OWL is the only bird, which can rotate its head to 270 degrees.
_____
IN 24 HOURS AVERAGE HUMAN
IN 24 HOURS AVERAGE HUMAN:
HEART beats 1,03,689 times.
LUNGS respire 23,045 times.
BLOOD flows 16,80,000 miles.
NAILS grow 0.00007 inches
HAIR grows 0.01715 inches
Take 2.9 pounds WATER (including all liquids)
Take of 3.25 pounds FOOD.
Breathe 438 cubic feet AIR.
Lose 85.60, BODY TEMPERATURE.
Produce 1.43 pints SWEAT.
Speak 4,800 WORDS.
During SLEEP move 25.4 times
World’s Largest Animals
Largest animal
Image credit: Wikimedia Commons
Blue whale is the largest animal of all times. The recorded weight of this animal was 190 tonnes with the length of 30m.
Largest living land animal
Image credit: Greenexpander
Largest living land animal is African Bush elephant which has an average weight of 100 kg at the time of birth. The largest elephant recorded was a male having the weight of 13.5 tons and a length of 10.6 m (from trunk to tail) with a shoulder height of 4.2 m.
Largest living land carnivore
Image credit: Nationalgeographic
Polar bear and brown bear are the largest living land carnivores having the weight of 1 ton and height of 3m.
Largest reptile
Image credit: Nationalgeographic
The largest living reptile is saltwater crocodile with the length of 5 m. The largest recorded crocodile had a weight of 1,900 kg and 6.3 m length.
Tallest living land animal
Image credit: Wikimedia Commons
Having 5.8 m height giraffe is considered as the tallest living animal on the land. Its weight is approximately 2,000 kg.
Largest living bird
Image credit: Nationalgeographic
Ostrich is the largest living bird having a height of 2.7 m and a weight of 156 kg.
Largest amphibian
Image credit: Sciencedaily
Chinese giant salamander is the largest living amphibian having a weight of 64 kg and 1.83 m length.
Largest fish
Image credit: Whale-shark.org
Whale shark is the largest living fish having a length of 13.6 m and 22,000 kg weight.
Largest invertebrate
Image credit: Extremescience
Colossal Squid is the largest invertebrate which attains the maximum size of 14 m long. The largest recorded size of colossal squid was measured 10 m long with a weight of 494 kg.
Heaviest insect
Image credit: Britannica
Goliath beetle is the heaviest beetle having a weight of 115 g and a length of 11.5 cm.
What was the first animal in the world
Answer is Sponges.
Sponges are animals of the phylum Porifera (pronounced /pɒˈrɪfərə/). Their bodies consist of jelly-like mesohyl sandwiched between two thin layers of cells. While all animals have unspecialized cells that can transform into specialized cells, sponges are unique in having some specialized cells that can transform into other types, often migrating between the main cell layers and the mesohyl in the process. Sponges do not have nervous, digestive or circulatory systems. Instead most rely on maintaining a constant water flow through their bodies to obtain food and oxygen and to remove wastes, and the shapes of their bodies are adapted to maximize the efficiency of the water flow. All are sessile aquatic animals and, although there are freshwater species, the great majority are marine (salt water) species, ranging from tidal zones to depths exceeding 8,800 metres (5.5 mi). While most of the approximately 5,000 known species feed on bacteria and other food particles in the water, some host photosynthesizing micro-organisms as endosymbionts and these alliances often produce more food and oxygen than they consume. A few species of sponge that live in food-poor environments have become carnivores that prey mainly on small crustaceans.[1]
Sponges are known for regenerating from fragments that are broken off, although this only works if the fragments include the right types of cells. A few species reproduce by budding. When conditions deteriorate, for example as temperatures drop, many freshwater species and a few marine ones produce gemmules, "survival pods" of unspecialized cells that remain dormant until conditions improve and then either form completely new sponges or re-colonize the skeletons of their parents. However most sponges use sexual reproduction, releasing sperm cells into the water. In viviparous species the cells that capture most of the adults' food capture the sperm cells but, instead of digesting them, transport them to ova in the parent's mesohyl. The fertilized eggs begin development within the parent and the larvae are released to swim off in search of places to settle. In oviparous species both sperm and egg cells are released into the water and fertilisation and development take place outside the parent's bodies.
Sponges use various materials to reinforce their mesohyl and in some cases to produce skeletons, and this forms the main basis for classifying sponges. Calcareous sponges produce spicules made of calcium carbonate. Demosponges reinforce the mesohyl with fibers of a special form of collagen called spongin, most also produce spicules of silica, and a few secrete massive external frameworks of calcium carbonate. Although glass sponges also produce spicules made of silica, their bodies mainly consist of syncytia that in some ways behave like many cells sharing a single external membrane, and in others like individual cells with multiple nuclei. Probably because of their variety of construction methods, demosponges constitute about 90% of all known species, including all freshwater ones, and have the widest range of habitats. Calcareous sponges are restricted to relatively shallow marine waters where production of calcium carbonate is easiest. The fragile glass sponges are restricted to polar regions and the ocean depths where predators are rare, and their feeding systems very efficiently harvest what little food is available. Fossils of all of these types have been found in rocks dated from 580 to 523 million years ago. In addition Archaeocyathids, whose fossils are common in rocks from 530 million years ago but not after 490 million years ago, are now regarded as a type of sponge.
It is generally thought that sponges' closest single-celled relatives are choanoflagellates, which strongly resemble the cells that sponges use to drive their water flow systems and capture most of their food. It is also generally agreed that sponges do not form a monophyletic group, in other words do not include all and only the descendants of a common ancestor, because it is thought that Eumetazoa (more complex animals) are descendants of a sub-group of sponges. However it is uncertain which group of sponges is closest to Eumetazoa, as both calcareous sponges and a sub-group of demosponges called Homoscleromorpha have been nominated by different researchers. In addition a study in 2008 suggested that the earliest animals may have been similar to modern comb jellies. Since comb jellies are considerably more complex than sponges, this would imply that sponges had mobile ancestors and greatly simplified their bodies as they adapted to a sessile filter feeding lifestyle. Chancelloriids, sessile, bag-like organisms whose fossils are found only in rocks from the Cambrian period, increase the uncertainty as it has been suggested that they were sponges but also that their external spines resemble the "chain mail" of the slug-like Halkieriids.
The few species of demosponge that have entirely soft fibrous skeletons with no hard elements have been used by humans over thousands of years for several purposes, including as padding and as cleaning tools. However by the 1950s these had been over-fished so heavily that the industry almost collapsed, and most sponge-like materials are now synthetic. Sponges and their microscopic endosymbionts are now being researched as possible sources of medicines for treating a wide range of diseases. Dolphins have been observed using sponges as tools while foraging.
What was the first rocket launched into space
 | The first rocket which could fly high enough to get into space was the V2 missile which was first launched by Germany in 1942. The first rocket which actually launched something into space was used to launch Sputnik, the first satellite, on October 4, 1957. The rocket that launched Sputnik was a R-7 ICBM rocket. |
what was the world's 1st computer
"Who invented the computer?" is not a question with a simple answer. The real answer is that many inventors contributed to the history of computers and that a computer is a complex piece of machinery made up of many parts, each of which can be considered a separate invention.
This series covers many of the major milestones in computer history (but not all of them) with a concentration on the history of personal home computers.
| Computer History Year/Enter | Computer History Inventors/Inventions | Computer History Description of Event |
| Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer | First freely programmable computer. | |
| John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry ABC Computer | Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC. | |
| Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Harvard Mark I Computer | The Harvard Mark 1 computer. | |
| John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly ENIAC 1 Computer | 20,000 vacuum tubes later... | |
| Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams Tube | Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories. | |
| John Bardeen, Walter Brattain & Wiliam Shockley The Transistor | No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly affected the history of computers. | |
| John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly UNIVAC Computer | First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners. | |
| International Business Machines IBM 701 EDPM Computer | IBM enters into 'The History of Computers'. | |
| John Backus & IBM FORTRAN Computer Programming Language | The first successful high level programming language. | |
| Stanford Research Institute, Bank of America, and General Electric ERMA and MICR | The first bank industry computer - also MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) for reading checks. | |
| Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce The Integrated Circuit | Otherwise known as 'The Chip' | |
| Steve Russell & MIT Spacewar Computer Game | The first computer game invented. | |
| Douglas Engelbart Computer Mouse & Windows | Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end. | |
| ARPAnet | The original Internet. | |
| Intel 1103 Computer Memory | The world's first available dynamic RAM chip. | |
| Faggin, Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor | The first microprocessor. | |
| Alan Shugart &IBM The "Floppy" Disk | Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility. | |
| Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking | Networking. | |
| Scelbi & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers | The first consumer computers. | |
| Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers | More first consumer computers. | |
| Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software | Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner. | |
| Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby WordStar Software | Word Processors. | |
| IBM The IBM PC - Home Computer | From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution | |
| Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System | From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century. | |
| Apple Lisa Computer | The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface. | |
| Apple Macintosh Computer | The more affordable home computer with a GUI. | |
| Microsoft Windows | Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple. | |
What was the world's first movie
In 1877 Charles Emile Reynaud invented the Praxinoscope, a mirrored drum that gives the illusion of movement using strips of pictures.
In 1881 William Kennedy Laurie Dickson designed the Kinetoscope, a kind of movie projector and ran a trial of a movie called 'Monkeyshines'.
A year after Thomas Edison's invention of the Kinetoscope the Holland Brothers opened the first Kinetoscope Parlor in New York. This was the first commercial exhibition of movies.
In 1895 Louis and Auguste Lumiere patented Cinematographe, a device that could project movies to several spectators at the same time. December 28 1895 they presented the first commercial display of a movie to an audience, running 20 minutes, consisting of 10 short stories.
'The Great Train Robbery' (1903) is considered to be the first real full length movie, the first narrative Western film with a storyline, and the first real smash hit.
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